HydroMuscle

Volumetric muscle loss results in irreversible functional impairment due to the limited regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle. Current treatment strategies can restore structural integrity but fail to recover active contractile function under physiological conditions, leaving patients with long term deficits. Electroactive hydrogels have emerged as a promising material for mimicking aspects of native muscle behavior due to their ability to respond to electrical stimulation. However, many existing systems require high voltage inputs or lack the biocompatibility necessary for integration within biological environments. This project developed a PEGDA-based electroactive hydrogel system designed to operate under low voltage conditions. The approach aims to provide a controllable platform for studying muscle-like contraction and advancing the design for bioengineered materials for functional tissue applications. Ultimately, this approach supports the development of more effective strategies for studying and improving functional outcomes in musculoskeletal repair. It also provides a foundation for designing more physiologically relevant bioengineered systems.